Indian Political CompassConstitutional Amendment · In force
24th Amendment (1971)
Affirmed Parliament's power to amend any part of the Constitution including Fundamental Rights, a direct response to the Supreme Court's ruling in Golak Nath v. State of Punjab (1967).
Why it was passed
In Golak Nath, the Supreme Court held that Parliament could not amend Fundamental Rights. The amendment overturned this by explicitly stating that Article 368 confers constituent power and that 'law' in Article 13 does not include constitutional amendments.
Key changes
- Amended Article 368 to explicitly state Parliament may amend any provision of the Constitution
- Added clause to Article 13 clarifying it does not apply to amendments under Article 368
- Required the President to give assent to Constitution Amendment Bills
Controversy and legal challenges
Upheld in Kesavananda Bharati (1973), but the court simultaneously established the Basic Structure doctrine limiting Parliament's amending power — making the amendment a partial victory for the government.
Related articles
Content is editorial draft pending fact-check against official Gazette notifications and Supreme Court judgment texts. Last reviewed: 2026-07-02.
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