Constitutional text
Every person shall be entitled to submit a representation for the redress of any grievance to any officer or authority of the Union or a State in any of the languages used in the Union or in the State, as the case may be.
Source: Constitution of India, as published by the Ministry of Law and Justice.
History and context
This article was a concession to linguistic diversity. In a country with hundreds of languages and 22 scheduled languages, requiring petitions only in Hindi or English would have effectively denied access to government for millions of citizens. The article ensures that linguistic identity is not a barrier to seeking redress from the state.
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Last reviewed: 3 July 2026